Keynote Lectures

Abstract
Global markets are imposing strong changing conditions for industrial companies running their businesses, facing strong pressures related to the customization of products in high flexible production systems. The fourth industrial revolution aims to promote the digitization of the traditional industries, aiming intelligent factories characterized by adaptability, efficiency, functionality, reliability, safety, and usability, re-shaping the way machines, processes and systems operate. This digital transformation is also noticed in other domains like administration, electrical grids, transportation, healthcare and agriculture. In this context, smart products, processes and systems emerge of applying cyber-physical systems, complemented with emerging ICT and Artificial Intelligence technologies, such as Internet of Things, Big data, cloud computing, machine learning, virtual/augmented reality. Lately, the European Commission is pushing the Industry 5.0 initiative that complements Industry 4.0 by driving the transition to a sustainable, human-centric and resilient European industry. This presentation discusses the use of multi-agent systems as a key enabling technology to realize this vision, i.e. a smart, digital and sustainable transition. Illustrative examples of using multi-agent systems to deploy industrial cyber-physical systems exhibiting self-organization and intelligence features will be provided to emphasize their innovative fascinating aspect. Despite, in theory, industrial agents are a promising approach, in practice, several roadblocks are constraining their wider industrial adoption. The presentation also discusses the key factors that would lead to acceptance in industry and particularly how the emergence of Generative Artificial Intelligence can play a new boost for the (finally) mass adoption of agent-based systems in industry.

Abstract
Humans have always been a part of industrial systems, but they mostly had the role of operators, using technological tools to which they had to adapt. While Industry 5.0 and the vision of the future industry emphasize human-centricity, advances in generative AI and robotics are enabling technological systems to take on complex, knowledge-intensive tasks, that only humans could do so far. It seems we have two choices now: letting machines do everything for us, or design them for collaborative synergy with humans. This talk explores the second one, focusing on the role of cognition and the human digital twin in enabling seamless collaboration between humans and smart, intelligent, or cognitive technological systems.

Abstract
Rationale of the Keynote:
We are witnessing rapid changes in the industrial environment, mainly driven by business and societal needs towards production customization and the digitalization of the economy, i.e., digitalization and interconnection of products, services, enterprises, and people. This trend is supported by new disruptive adances in the cross-fertilization of concepts and the amalgamation of information-, communication-, control- and mechatronics technology-driven approaches in traditional industrial systems. In this context, industrial informatics combine the progress achieved by the application of large distributed and networked computing systems on product and production system design, planning, engineering, and operation with the power of digital data that are produced by industrial processes, collected by the Internet of Things, processed by Human/(Natural-) and Human-created (Artificial-) Intelligence (AI). The technological, economic, and social impacts of these developments are so enormous that the whole process is labelled as the 4th Industrial Revolution. This digital transformation being developed world-wide, is affecting all phases of the society and generating profound changes in the form that Human interact and sometimes collaborate among them and with technical assets.
The transition, the transformation, the migration from Industry 3.0, i.e., from IEC 62264 / IEC 61512 (ISA-95 / ISA´88) based industrial systems into an Industry 4.0-compliant eco-system is ongoing. This includes (i) the integration of legacy with emerging Information/Communication technologies, (ii) the digitalization and networking across value networks involving a multitude of stakeholders in complex relationships within a circular economy, (iii) the re-skilling of human resources embedded into that digitalized eco-system, as well as (iv) the necessary “concrete” response to the newest regulation of the European Union requiring nearly all products sold in the EU to feature a Digital Product Passport (DPP).

Scope of the Keynote:
On the one side, Industry 4.0-compliant systems are all Industrial Eco-Systems where components (Assets, Things) have been migrated into digitalized and networked Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems. This means, digitalized and networked assets are nodes of an Internet-based communication and information network. Each of those nodes is able to expose and/or consume digitalized data and information in the form of “services”, for performing new form of application and business based on Industrial Internet of Services Technology (IIoS).
On the other side, Digital Product Passport is defined as a digital record providing stakeholders across product value chains with access to comprehensive data and information about each product´s lifecycle, i.e., origin, composition, environmental impact, end-of-life aspects/characteristics, and other related businesses.

The structural and functional interdependences between the digitalized Assets, I4.0 components, digitalized Things in Internet (Industrial-Internet-of-Things (IIoT)), in the context of the “Engineering a DPP”, are effectively evident if the “Digitalization and Networking Process” is formally specified and implemented following (a) the DIN Specification 91345 Reference Architecture Model for Industry 4.0 (RAMI4.0) and (b) the engineering principles associated to the Asset Administration Shell (Digital Twins (DTs)) approaches and technologies.
From this perspective, the Keynote will provide: (i) Details about the Engineering-Principles, -Methods and -Standard-Technologies for the Digital Transformation in Industry, conducting to effectively engineering a Digital Asset/Thing Passport within the context of a Circular Economy; (ii) The rationale of the Systems-of-Systems Engineering approach, comprehensively backed-up by the DIN Specification 91345 RAMI 4.0 (Reference Architecture Model for Industry 4.0) and particularly by the implementation of the Asset Administration Shell (AAS) Technology; and (iii) Details about an Engineering approach to implement a DPP on the basis of the RAMI 4.0 and AAS specifications, with dedicated exemplary use cases.